Table 2 Common types of gasifiers investigated in recent studies of gasification of biowaste
From: Waste to bioenergy: a review on the recent conversion technologies
| Type of gasifier | Advantages | Type of feedstocks | Operating temperature (°C) | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fixed bed gasifier | ● High tolerance of ash content. ● Able to withstand high moisture content feedstock. ● Low tar accumulation. ● Minimum sensitivity towards feedstock size and quantity. | Wood | 800–900 | [66] |
| Sawdust | 650–960 | [67] | ||
| Palm shell | 750 | [68] | ||
| Sewage sludge | 800 | [27] | ||
| Fluidized bed gasifier | ● High heat transfer rate. ● Thorough mixing of feedstock and bed material. ● Moderate requirements of gasification medium | Pine woodchips | 700–900 | [23] |
| Beech wood | 750–850 | [69] | ||
| Rice straw | 600–800 | [26] | ||
| Wood and bark waste | 300–400 | [70] | ||
| Entrained flow | ● Flexibility types of feedstock. ● Short processing time. ● Uniformity of temperature throughout reactor. ● Low tar production in gas. | Straw biomass | 900 | [71] |
| Jatropha curcas shell | 1000 | [72] | ||
| Bituminous coal and wheat straw | 1300 | [73] | ||
| Empty fruits bunch | 900 | [65] | ||
| Plasma | ● Capable to treat both hazardous and non-hazardous wastes. ● Nontoxic method to destroy hazardous waste. ● Easy removal of ash as slag. | MSW and plastic solid waste | 1250–1315 | [74] |
| Biomedical waste | 1326 | [75] | ||
| Hazardous waste from oil and gas | 1500 | [24] |